Vuba aha, impapuro zasohowe n’ikinyamakuru mpuzamahanga cy’ubuvuzi cyemewe cyitwa “Lancet Public Health” (Ubuzima rusange bwa Lancet) cyerekanye ko hafi 20% by’abagabo bakuze b’abashinwa bapfuye bazize itabi.
Igishushanyo: Urupapuro rwasohotse muri Lancet-Ubuzima Rusange
Ubushakashatsi bwatewe inkunga na Minisiteri y’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga mu Bushinwa n’ibindi bigo, iyobowe nitsinda ry’ubushakashatsi bwa Porofeseri Chen Zhengming wo muri kaminuza ya Oxford, Porofeseri Wang Chen wo mu Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubuvuzi ry’Ubushinwa, na Porofeseri Li Liming wo mu Ishuri rya Leta. Ubuzima bwa kaminuza ya Peking.Ubu ni bwo bushakashatsi bwa mbere bunini mu gihugu mu Bushinwa bugenzura buri gihe isano iri hagati yo kunywa itabi n'indwara zifatika.Abashinwa 510.000 bakuze bamaze imyaka 11 bakurikiranwa.
Ubushakashatsi bwasesenguye isano iri hagati y’itabi n’indwara 470 n’impamvu 85 zitera urupfu, isanga mu Bushinwa, itabi rifitanye isano n’indwara 56 n’impamvu 22 zitera urupfu.Umubano uhishe hagati yindwara nyinshi nitabi birenze ibitekerezo.Abanywa itabi bazi ko bashobora kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha kubera kunywa itabi, ariko ntibashobora gutekereza ko ibibyimba byabo, kuva amaraso mu bwonko, diyabete, cataracte, indwara z'uruhu, ndetse n'indwara zandura n'indwara za parasitike zishobora kuba zifitanye isano n'itabi.bifitanye isano.
Aya makuru yerekana ko mu masomo y’ubushakashatsi (hagati y’imyaka 35-84), abagabo bagera kuri 20% n’abagore bagera kuri 3% bapfuye bazize itabi.Itabi hafi ya yose mu Bushinwa rikoreshwa n'abagabo, kandi ubushakashatsi buvuga ko abagabo bavutse nyuma ya 1970 bazaba itsinda ryibasiwe cyane no kwangirika kw'itabi.Ati: “Kugeza ubu hafi bibiri bya gatatu by'abasore b'Abashinwa banywa itabi, kandi benshi muri bo batangira kunywa itabi mbere y’imyaka 20. Keretse niba baretse itabi, hafi kimwe cya kabiri cyabo bazapfa bazize indwara zitandukanye ziterwa no kunywa itabi.”Mu kiganiro twagiranye na Porofeseri Li Liming wo muri kaminuza ya Peking.
Kureka itabi biregereje, ariko nikibazo kitoroshye.Raporo yakozwe na Guangming Daily yo mu 2021 ivuga ko umubare w'abananirwa mu itabi ry’Abashinwa “baretse kureka” gusa ku bushake ari 90%.Ariko, hamwe nogukwirakwiza ubumenyi bufite akamaro, abanywa itabi bamwe bazahitamo amavuriro areka itabi, kandi bamwe banywa itabi bazahindukira banywa itabi rya elegitoroniki.
Nk’urubuga rwemewe rwa guverinoma y'Ubwongereza,itabiizahinduka imfashanyo zikoreshwa cyane mu guhagarika itabi ku banywa itabi mu Bwongereza mu 2022. Inyandiko y’ubushakashatsi yasohotse muri “The Lancet-Public Health” muri Nyakanga 2021 yerekanye neza ko intsinzi yo gukoresha e-itabi mu gufasha guhagarika itabi muri rusange ari 5% -10% hejuru y '“kureka byumye”, kandi uko abantu banywa itabi, niko gukoresha e-itabi bifasha guhagarika itabi.Urwego rwo hejuru rwo gutsinda itabi.
Igishushanyo: Ubushakashatsi buyobowe n’ikigo kizwi cyane cy’ubushakashatsi bwa kanseri muri Amerika “Moffitt Cancer Research Centre”.Abashakashatsi bazakwirakwiza imfashanyigisho zizwi cyane zifasha abanywa itabi kumva neza e-itabi
Umuryango Cochrane Collaboration, umuryango mpuzamahanga wizewe ushingiye ku bimenyetso bishingiye ku bumenyi bw’ubuvuzi, wasohoye raporo 5 mu myaka 7, ugaragaza ko e-itabi rifite ingaruka zo guhagarika itabi, kandi ingaruka ni nziza kuruta ubundi buryo bwo guhagarika itabi.Mu bushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa bwashyizwe ahagaragara muri Nzeri 2021, bwerekanye ko ubushakashatsi 50 bw’umwuga bwakozwe ku bantu barenga 10,000 banywa itabi ku isi bwerekanye ko e-itabi ari igikoresho cyiza cyo guhagarika itabi.Jamie Hartmann-Boyce wo mu itsinda ry’abasinzi b'itabi rya Cochrane, yagize ati: “Ubwumvikane bwa siyansi kuri e-itabi ni uko, nubwo butagira ingaruka rwose, butangiza cyane itabi.”
Ingaruka zo kugabanya ingaruka zaitabi rya elegitoronikibyemejwe kandi.Mu Kwakira 2022, itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi ry’ishuri rya farumasi rya kaminuza ya Sun Yat-sen ryasohoye urupapuro ruvuga ko ku kigero kimwe cya nikotine, e-cigarette aerosol itangiza ubuzima bw’ubuhumekero kuruta umwotsi w’itabi.Dufashe nk'indwara z'ubuhumekero, impapuro zasohotse mu kinyamakuru kizwi cyane “Iterambere mu kuvura indwara zidakira” mu Kwakira 2020 ryerekanye ko abanywa itabi barwaye indwara zidakira zifata ibihaha (COPD) bahindura e-itabi, rishobora kugabanya ubukana bw'indwara hafi 50%.Icyakora, iyo abakoresha e-itabi bongeye gusubira mu itabi, nk’uko umwanzuro w’ubushakashatsi washyizwe ahagaragara na kaminuza ya Boston muri Gicurasi 2022, ibyago byabo byo gutontoma, gukorora nibindi bimenyetso bizikuba kabiri.
Ati: “Urebye ingaruka zatinze (zangiza itabi), umutwaro rusange w'indwara uterwa no kunywa itabi mu bashinwa bakuze banywa itabi mu Bushinwa mu bihe biri imbere bizaba byinshi cyane kuruta uko byari bimeze ubu.”Umwanditsi w'uru rupapuro yavuze ko hagomba gufatwa ingamba zikomeye zo kurwanya itabi no guhagarika itabi vuba bishoboka kugira ngo abantu barokore ubuzima butabarika.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-20-2023
